Increasing urban population, ecological urgency and energy transition, constraints on public finances, increasing the comfort of life for residents and employees, etc.: all these issues are challenges that Smart City could help address and that are pushing local authorities to invest in this direction. All these issues are giving rise to numerous “smart” technologies such as smart grids, smart transportation, smart buildings and smart cities.
The industrial information system has the characteristic of being in direct contact with the physical world: water management, traffic lights, variable road signs, retractable bollards, intelligent lighting, autonomous car control, etc. While these developments increase the connectivity and criticality of these systems, they also create a greater need for adaptability, resilience, safety and security.
Maintaining key functional assets, such as elevators, air conditioners, and cameras, while protecting them from cyber risks, requires ongoing control of user roles and rights.